Is chronic anxiety a sign that something’s wrong in my brain?

Not ‘wrong’ exactly – more like hyperactive. Anxiety is your brain’s overprotective security system, always on high alert for imaginary threats (like that email you forgot to reply to three weeks ago). Chronic anxiety reshapes neural pathways, making the fear response more automatic. But neuroplasticity means you can rewire it through therapy, mindfulness and, if needed, medication. Plus, innovative new products that use vagus nerve stimulation to rewire the nervous system are offering science-backed ways to dial down overactivity. Basically, your brain can learn to chill – with a little help.

I’ve been on antidepressants for 10 years – could that have long-term effects?

Your brain is adaptable, but long-term antidepressant use can tweak neurotransmitter systems. For most people, this isn’t harmful – just an adjustment. Some might experience withdrawal effects if they stop suddenly (because brains love stability). The real question: do you need them? If they’re improving your quality of life, your brain is probably better off with them than without.

I’m a night owl and always go to bed late – will that affect my brain?

Your circadian rhythm is like a very stubborn, very judgmental personal trainer – it wants structure. Being a night owl isn’t inherently bad, but if you’re constantly sleep-deprived, your brain will fight back with mood swings, memory glitches and a caffeine addiction. The key? Consistency – and light exposure. Sunlight hitting the back of your eyes in the morning helps reset your body clock, even on cloudy days (yes, your brain still registers the natural light). In the evening, dimming artificial lights tells your brain that bedtime is approaching. If you must be nocturnal, at least get enough high-quality sleep and try some morning sun therapy. Your brain will thank you.

11 brain health questions you’re too afraid to ask, answered by an expert